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Neurodivergent Disorders Diagnosis & Treatment at Corner Canyon HC

Neurodivergence is an important topic in mental health today and affects a wide range of people. This page provides an overview to help neurotypical people understand the struggles of neurodivergent individuals and it summarizes Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD), and Tourette Syndrome. At Corner Canyon Health Centers we understand the issues neurodivergent individuals face and we can help with their wellness and mental health.

What Are Neurodivergent Disorders?

Neurodivergent disorders are a group of conditions that affect the development and functioning of the brain compared to what is considered normal. This leads to differences in thinking, learning, behavior, social interaction, communication, or sensory processing. As such, these conditions are considered to be neurodevelopmental disorders. They can have a significant impact on an individual’s quality of life.

The most common neurodivergent disorders include autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Tourette syndrome. Although each of these disorders presents differently, they all involve atypical neurological development that can impact an individual’s social, emotional, and academic functioning.

These differences are not viewed as illnesses or problems, but as natural variations in human neurology. Symptoms vary widely between individuals; there is no  “one size fits all.”

Neurodivergence results in unique strengths as well as certain challenges in environments designed for neurotypical individuals. The concept of neurodivergence thus recognizes and values diversity in how brains function, rather than pathologizing differences.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder. It is marked by differences in social communication, interaction, behavior, and sensory sensitivities. Those with ASD may be challenged with interacting socially, communicating, and forming relationships. As a “spectrum” disorder, it presents differently depending on the individual, as do support needs. 

Not an illness or a deficit, ASD is a different way of thinking and experiencing the world. Neurological differences begin in early childhood. People with autism can draw on their unique strengths in pattern recognition, loyalty, and deep focus. They can lead fulfilling and successful lives with appropriate support, understanding, and accommodations tailored to their needs.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. It affects both children and adults, impacting their ability to focus, pay attention, and control their impulses. It can interfere with development and daily functioning.

ADHD is not a result of laziness or poor discipline. It is a product of biological differences in brain structure and chemistry, and especially regulation of the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine. 

ADHD presents challenges at school, work, and in social settings. However, those with ADHD also have strengths with creativity, resilience, and the ability to hyperfocus on areas of high interest. Learning to live with ADHD involves education, behavioral strategies, and skill-building. Medication helps many individuals manage well, but is not for everyone.

Tourette Syndrome

The main features of Tourette Syndrome are tics—sudden, repetitive, and involuntary movements or vocal sounds. Both motor and vocal tics must be present for over a year to have a diagnosis. People with Tourette syndrome may also experience anxiety, depression, or other behavioral challenges.

Although it does not get worse for most people, there is no cure. Many people experience significant improvement in their tics as they enter adulthood. Treatment focuses on behavioral therapy, or medication if tics are painful or impact social functioning. Tourette Syndrome is often accompanied by co-occurring conditions such as ADHD or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).

ASD Symptoms

The symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder are typically grouped into two core areas, which must be present from early childhood and limit everyday functioning. Remember, this is a spectrum, and the presentation varies widely from person to person. 

1. Challenges in Social Communication and Interaction

  • Social-Emotional Give-and-Take: Challenges with back-and-forth conversation, a reduced sharing of interests, or an inability to start or respond to social interactions.
  • Nonverbal Communication: Difficulty understanding and using body language, making eye contact, understanding and using gestures, and facial expressions.
  • Creating and Maintaining Relationships: Difficulties finding and making friends, adapting behavior to different social situations, or a lack of interest in peers.

2. Restricted, Repetitive Patterns of Behavior, Interests, or Activities

  • Repetitive Movements: Hand flapping, rocking, or lining up toys.
  • Insistence on Sameness: Rigid sticking to routines, with extreme upset at small changes, rigid thinking patterns.
  • Highly Restricted Interests: Intense, fixated interests that are abnormally focused and intense.
  • Sensory Sensitivities: Unusual reactions to sensory input, such as indifference to pain/temperature, either over- or under- sensitive, and with adverse reactions to specific sounds or textures, excessive smelling/ or touching of objects.

Many individuals also have associated strengths, such as extraordinary attention to detail, deep knowledge in specific areas, and honesty.

ADHD Symptoms

People with ADHD may find it difficult to keep focus, complete tasks, or follow through on instructions as they may struggle with inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity. They often act without forethought and also struggle with social relationships due to their tendency to interrupt or act impulsively.

The symptoms of ADHD are divided into two primary categories: Inattention and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity. A diagnosis requires that several symptoms be present for at least six months and interfere with functioning in multiple settings (e.g., work, school, home).

Inattention
  • Difficulty sustaining focus on tasks or play activities
  • Making careless mistakes due to a lack of attention to detail
  • Appearing not to listen when spoken to directly
  • Failing to follow through on instructions and failing to finish tasks
  • Difficulty with organization and task management
  • Avoidance or reluctance to engage in tasks requiring sustained mental effort
  • Frequently losing items necessary for tasks (e.g., keys, wallet, phone)
  • Being easily distracted by extraneous stimuli or unrelated thoughts
  • Forgetfulness in daily activities.
Hyperactivity and Impulsivity
  • Fidgeting with or tapping hands and feet, or squirming in a seat
  • Leaving a seat in situations where remaining seated is expected
  • Running or climbing in inappropriate situations (in adults, restlessness).
  • Inability to engage quietly in leisure activities
  • Often “on the go,” acting as if “driven by a motor”
  • Excessive talking
  • Blurting out answers before a question has been completed
  • Difficulty waiting for their turn
  • Interrupting or intruding on others’ conversations or games

Many people experience these behaviors occasionally. For a diagnosis of ADHD, the symptoms must be persistent and more severe than typical for a person’s developmental level.

Tourette Symptoms

These tics can be simple, such as eye blinking or throat clearing, or complex, such as jumping or shouting. and complex combinations of movements and words. The condition often emerges in childhood. Severity typically fluctuates, with tics sometimes worsening due to stress, excitement, or fatigue.

The main symptoms of Tourette Syndrome are motor and vocal tics, involuntary movements, and sounds that occur repeatedly.

1. Motor Tics (Movement)

Simple:
  • Brief, sudden movements using only a few muscle groups.
  • Blinking eyes, grimacing, head jerking, shoulder shrugging, nose twitching.
Complex:
  • Coordinated patterns of movement using several muscle groups.
  • Head turning combined with shoulder shrugging, touching objects or people, hopping, and copying others’ movements (echopraxia).

2. Vocal Tics (Sounds)

Simple:
  • Brief, sudden, meaningless sounds or noises.
  • Clearing throat, grunting, sniffing, barking, coughing.
Complex:
  • Longer, more elaborate speech involving words or phrases.
  • Saying words or phrases out of context, repeating one’s own words (palilalia), repeating others’ words (echolalia), and rarely, uttering swear words (coprolalia).
Key Characteristics:
  • Tics vary in their frequency, type, and severity over time.
  • An urge often happens before a tic. It’s an uncomfortable sensation relieved by performing the tic.
  • Tics can be temporarily suppressed, but often result in a rebound effect afterward.

How Neurodivergent Disorders Co-occur With Other Mental Health Issues

Neurodivergent conditions like ADHD, Autism, and Tourette Syndrome frequently co-occur with each other. They also happen together with mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression, and in some cases, substance abuse. This happens for several key reasons: 

Shared Neurological Factors:

Often involving overlapping differences in brain structure, function, and neurochemistry, they can share biological vulnerability. 

Chronic Stress:

Anxiety and depression may be caused by having to cope with a world not designed for neurodivergent minds. It’s exhausting. “Masking” while navigating daily challenges can also lead to chronic stress.

Diagnostic Overlap:

Symptoms can blur. For example, ADHD-related rejection sensitivity can look like social anxiety, and autistic burnout can look like depression.

A mental health issue is often a secondary consequence of the primary neurodivergent condition. This can make comprehensive, overlapping care essential. So people with neurodivergence may be more vulnerable to mental health struggles which can negatively impact their self-esteem and make it difficult to handle change. This also impacts work performance for some and finding and maintaining social and romantic relationships. 

Living Well with Neurodivergence: Support & Skills Building

With the focus shifting from “fixing” a person to building support and skills, the goals are to improve quality of life, relationships, and functioning, and not just reduce symptoms. It involves: 

Accommodations:

Adapting environments for sound sensitivity to reduce barriers, for example, by using noise-canceling headphones. 

Skills Building:

Based on individual needs, developing strategies to manage executive function, emotional regulation, and social communication.

Building on Strengths:

Developing existing traits like hyperfocus, pattern recognition, or creativity into personal and professional success.

Community:

Connecting with other neurodivergent people to reduce isolation and share learning.
The goal is not to eliminate differences. Instead, it’s to create a life where someone can thrive by understanding their unique brain and providing it with what it needs to succeed.
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Diagnostic and Treatment Approach at Corner Canyon HC

Diagnosing neurodivergent disorders can be challenging because the symptoms can vary widely from person to person. Diagnosis usually involves a thorough evaluation by a qualified psychiatrist or psychologist specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.

Treatment typically involves a combination of behavioral therapy, medication, and support from a multidisciplinary team. Behavioral therapy, such as Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), can help individuals with neurodivergent disorders learn new skills, manage symptoms, and improve their quality of life. 

Supportive counseling for co-occurring mental health conditions is also recommended. As is social support with group therapy, peer support, family involvement, trauma-informed care, and help with emotional regulation. Medications, such as stimulants or antidepressants, can also be helpful in managing symptoms.

Corner Canyon Welcomes You

If you or a loved one is looking for a compassionate space to address mental health issues related to neurodivergent conditions, reach out to our Admissions team now at Corner Canyon Health Centers.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can neurodivergent disorders be treated?
Yes they can with a combination of therapy from a multidisciplinary team and possibly medications.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Tourette Syndrome.

They all involve atypical neurological development that can impact an individual’s social, emotional, and academic functioning. These differences are not viewed as illnesses or problems, but as natural variations in human neurology.

ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by differences in social communication, interaction, behavior, and sensory sensitivities.

It’s a fairly common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects both children and adults. It impacts an individual’s ability to focus, pay attention, and control their impulses, interfering with daily functioning or development.

It’s a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by tics, which are sudden, repetitive, and involuntary movements or vocalizations.

Diagnosing neurodivergent disorders can be challenging because the symptoms can vary widely from person to person. The diagnostic process typically involves a thorough evaluation by a qualified mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist or psychologist, who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.

Effective treatment for neurodivergent disorders typically involves a combination of behavioral therapy, medication, and support from a multidisciplinary team. If you are on blood thinners or blood pressure medication, you may be unable to receive the SGB shot due to an increased risk of bleeding. Always speak with your doctor first so they can decide whether you are a good candidate for Stellate Ganglion Block.

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Smiling rehab center staff member standing outdoors in front of lush greenery—offering a warm, welcoming presence to support residents on their healing journey.

Liz Lund, MPA

Liz is originally from lush green Washington State. She is a life enthusiast and a huge fan of people. Liz has always loved learning why people are the way they are. She moved to UT in 2013 and completed her bachelors degree in Psychology in 2016. After college Liz worked at a residential treatment center and found that she was not only passionate about people, but also administration. Liz is recently finished her MPA in April 2022. Liz loves serving people and is excited and looking forward to learning about; and from our clients here at Corner Canyon.
When Liz is not busy working she love being outdoors, eating ice cream, taking naps, and spending time with her precious baby girl and sweet husband.